Mass communication Internship Report Virtual university of Pakistan

Dedication

I am dedicating my work to my parents and my teachers, especially Madam Saba Sadiq, She is very caring and helpful. Thanks to Allah who give me respect and Height of knowledge.

Acknowledgement

Internship report is essential part of BS mass communication degree program. I am Thankful to Allah almighty who is merciful, He gives me strength to complete this task. In Express media Group, Overall Team was very co-operative because practical life is much different as compare to reading material, In organization We made mistakes and they correct us.

Secondly I am very thankful to Bureau_chief Shakeel Anjum, Sub_Editor Faisal Akram, News_Reporter Nasheed Anjum, D S N G _technician Atta-Ul-Rasool saeedi, Camera_Man Maqsood ahmad, NLE waseem ahmad, Coordinator Majid Hussain and the Express Media Group Head office which approve me as internee.

Executive Summary

Express News is a TV channel in Urdu language based in Lahore, Launched in 1^st January 2008 launched by Lakson group it also has a newspaper which has third largest circulation, They also have a web based E-Newspaper called Express Tribune. In 20^th century there was many newspaper working in Pakistan Jang Newspaper, Khabrain Newspaper and Express Newspaper etc, But there was no concept of TV channels. There was only PTV channel exist at that time and at 9pm the PTV team broadcast the Khabarnama.

In 20^th century our Print Media was not free, many of newspaper was banned by government and many newspaper stop their publication due to financial problem such as Roshni, Musalman and Roshni. After 1947 there was many unions of journalist come and go, because Pakistan government was against the freedom of press. We have some army general who become president by enforcing martial law, and they were against the freedom of press.

In government of Gen pervaiz Musharaf, The private media was goes up and the first phase of freedom started. In 2004 Geo news start broadcasting news.

That was a little introduction of Private news channel in Pakistan, when we talk about work and their importance, News channel is much more different from print media. I work in news channel I also visit their print media office but now a day’s TV channel is more important tools of news. With the help of TV channels, people can saw events live and News can be instantly delivered to large audience.

In TV channel office there is many Parts of management their combine effort makes working news channel, such as Reporting Section, Camera man staff, Non-linear Editing section, Voice Over Room, Promotion Cell Portion, Ticker sending and Sub-editing Portion, Coordinator section, Distributor officer and D S N G (Digital Satellite News Gathering) van and its technical staff.

Reporting section contains Crime reporters and beats reporters, They find and report different types of incident or events that can attract audience. They cover events with the help of camera man, A reporter can add SOT ( sound on tape) to explain event, Voice over video to tell audience what’s going on and in the end reporter will give PTC (Peace to camera). After it the Non linear editor will filter and remove some scene because if we need 3 SOT than we will record 5 to 7 SOT so we can deliver quality material. Non linear editor will add people names which are giving SOT and in the end he will add PTC and News Packages are ready to go. After it, this package further go in Head office, they approve it and show it in news bulletin.

Table of Content

Sr No	Title	Page No

1	Title Page	01
2	Letter of Undertaking	02
3	Scanned Copy of Internship Certificate	03
4	Dedication	04
5	Acknowledgement	05
6	Executive Summary	06
7	Table of Contents	08
8	Over View of the Organization	09
	a. Brief History	09
	b. Introduction of the organization	10
	c. Policy of the organization	10
9	d. Competitors Organizational Structure	10 12
10	Plan of my Internship program	17
11	Training Program	19
12	Reflective Journal Entries	27
13	Work Samples	37
14	Critical Analysis	42
15	SWOT Analysis	46
16 17 18	Conclusion Recommendation References & Sources	49 50 50
19	Annexes	51

over View of the Organization
Brief History

Express news is a famous Pakistani News channel founded in January 1, 2008 Headquarter in Lahore. It was owned by Express newspaper. Express newspaper is 3^rd largest circulated newspaper in Pakistan, It is founded on 3 September 1998. It claims that it is covering 24% circulation share.

Express Media Group launched their entertainment channel Named “Express Entertainment” On 1 January 2012. Express Entertainment is a entertainment channel that provide Different Daramas and music videos. Express Media Group also their TV channel, it name is “Hero TV” on 5 June 2012. Hero TV is a Informative channel slogan as “Dikha de sab kuch”.

Introduction of the organization

Express Newspaper is subsidiary of lakson group Headquarter in Karachi, its chairman is iqbal ali lakhani. Express Media Group is large group when we talk about news source, it cover all news medium to cover large audience.

Express News Channel is providing many programs such as Takrar hosting by Imran Khan, G For Gharida hosted by Gharida Farooqi. It has some famous Pakistani Hoster and writers such as Javed Ch and Aftab iqbal. Express news channel also has comedy and informative program named as Khabardar hosted by aftab Iqbal.

Express News group also launch express E-newspaper which cover Pakistani people who live abroad, it is in Urdu language, it give Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad and Multan edition online. It cover thousands of readers per day.

Express News Tribune is English online newspaper owned by Express news group. It cover many English article and provide instant news and footage online. It cover international peoples and Google also rank express tribune as Search engine news source.

Policy of the organization

Express Media Group has many Policies about news gathering, They double check the news before posting any news stories even when express official reporter report incident after that bureau chief have to be check the news before publishing it.

Express news has policy for advertising that they never show advertisement which is based on scam. Express news never hire reporter which are undergraduate, Reporter have to complete his degree of communication before apply for job. Express Media Group pay salary to their employers on time, they never delay salary, they provide 15 days holidays for married and also pay some loan if some employee need it.

Competitors

Express News channel is facing tough competition with other channel, Because Now it’s a time when new channel is coming and they are investing much more money in this business. One name of that kind of channel is BOL TV. BOL TV was in some scandal because of its parent company name AXACT. Now BOL TV is back again and currently testing its transmission. BOL TV is mostly hiring staff from other competitors by offering more salary.

The Competitors of express news is:

Geo News
BOL TV
Samma News
Dunya News
Waqt News
ARY News
Dawn News

Many other competitors is also available like Waseeb News, News One, AAJ News, ATV, Metro Live Etc. Currently More news channel have recently come Like 7 News, 92 News and 24 News HD. The more channels is launching and more tough competition have been started.

Organizational Structure

Organizational Hierarchy chart

1. Number of Employees
Express news channel have total number of employees from 1500 to 1800, there is no correct figure. In every city of Pakistan, there is 3,4 Reporter is available. There is different types of reporters such as Crime reports and Beats reporter etc.

In express news channel I notice something different that Express news channel and express newspaper have different employees, In office if one reporter is working for TV channel it will not report any stories to Express newspaper, That’s Good, and when we talk about other channel the one reporter works for both newspaper and TV channel

In express news channel I notice something different that Express news channel and express newspaper have different employees, In office if one reporter is working for TV channel it will not report any stories to Express newspaper, That’s Good, and when we talk about other channel the one reporter works for both newspaper and TV channel.

Main offices

Express News Channel has total 10 offices in Pakistan included head office. Offices of express news available only in big cities, Every office contain D S N G vain and technical staff.

10 offices in Pakistan is not mean that they are covering only 10 cities, they have reports in Every district and Tehsil also.

The Detail Of offices is:

Daily Express / Lahore (Head Office)

Industrial Area, Gulberg II Lahore 48-N

Telephone number: 0 4 2 – 3 5 8 7 8 7 0 0 – 7

Fax number: 0 4 2 – 3 5 8 7 8 7 0 8

Daily Express / Islamabad

15 Aab para, khyabane Saherwardy

Telephone number: 0 5 1 – 2 8 7 9 1 2 3 – 8

Fax number: 0 5 1 – 2 8 7 9 1 3 4

Daily Express / Peshawar

Captain Akmal Shaheed Road, Bilal Town

GT Road. Peshawar

Telephone number: 0 9 1 – 2 6 5 4 2 2 6 – 9

Fax no: 0 9 1 – 2 6 5 4 2 3 2

Daily Express / Quetta

House No. 4-14 / 89 peer abu –ul- khair Road,

National Hospital

Telephone number: 0 8 1 – 2 8 2 7 3 6 2 / 0 8 1 – 2 8 2 0 6 0 2

Fax number: 0 8 1 – 2 8 2 7 3 7 1

Daily Express / Sukkur

Small Industries Plot No. B-62, gulimar

Telephone number: 0 7 1 – 5 6 3 3 4 7 4

/ 0 7 1 – 5 6 3 3 4 7 2

Fax number: 0 7 1 – 5 6 3 4 0 1 0

Dialy Express Gujranwala

Small Industries Estate No.1

Model Town, Gujranwala

Telephone number: 0 5 5 – 3 7 3 3 7 1 1 – 3

Fax number: 0 5 5 – 3 7 3 3 7 1 5

Daily Express / Rahim Yar Khan

Noor Mohammad Colony, Amin garh Road Bypass

Rahim Yar Khan

Telephone number: 0 6 8 – 5 8 8 7 9 5 6 – 8

Fax number: 0 6 8 – 5 8 8 7 9 5 5

Daily Express / Sargodha

House No. 5 Lala zar Park

Near FBR Office, University Road, Sargodha

Telephone number: 0 4 8 -3 7 2 9 9 9 1 – 3 – 4

Fax number: 0 4 8 – 3 7 2 9 9 9 5

Daily Express / Faisalabad

Plot No. 49 Extension Scheme

Madina Town, Near Hockey Stadium. Faisalabad

Telephone number: 0 4 1 – 8 5 5 5 7 9 0 – 4

Fax number: 0 4 1 – 8 5 5 5 0 3 0

Daily Express / Multan

147-A Jail Road District 160

Near M.A.D chowk, Multan

Telephone number: 0 6 1 – 4 5 7 0 9 2 1 – 2 8

Fax Number : 0 6 1 – 4 5 7 0 9 2 9 – 3 0

Introduction of all the Departments

Express News has many departments in office which cover different task.

Promotion Cell Department

Every News office of express News contain one promotion department, which cover promotion of express news in events, they arrange parties, events and daramas etc to promote express news channel.

For example, on 20 November Express news arranges events for special children.

Sub-Editing Department

Reporters collect news and submit their news to sub editor, who write news in script form and proof read the news. Sub editor will improve news if needed, he will also check grammars and words, after he writes and send news to output department.

Non-Linear Editing

Non-Linear Editing also Known as NLE department. News Reporter cover events with the help of camera man, A reporter can add SOT ( Sound on tape) to explain event, Voice over video to tell audience what’s going on and in the end reporter will give PTC (Peace to camera). After it the Non linear editor will filter and remove some scene because if we need 3 SOT than we will record 5 to 7 Sound on tape so we can remove some Sound on tape deliver quality material. Non linear editor will add people names on screen which are giving SOT and in the end he will adjust PTC and News Packages are ready to go.

Distributors

When we talk about newspaper, the distributor department task is to cover circulation of newspaper, inquire from people, are they facing any difficulty to getting news copy?

And when we talk about in terms of News channel this Department has very importance because it cover position of news channel in every area, The distributor manager meet cable operator if people are unable to watch express news channel.

Technical Department

Technical department of news channel contain D S N G (Digital satellite news gathering), Camera man and other technical staff.

IT office

IT office look for all computers and DSL connection, they maintain every Television and other electronic devices.

Advertising Department

Advertising department cover all kind of advertisement adjustment, Advertisement is a big source of profit for newspaper as well as TV channel. They deal with news agency and cover all advertisement related inquires.

Comments on the organizational Structure

The organizational structure of Express news is good, there is different department in express news and every department has important contribution to make such a successful channel. Reporting section contain many reporters, if new reporter come in organization it will be internee reporter after that it will be reporter, Many year after he will become senior reporter on the high end on his work he will be the bureau chief of the city. The structure of News channel run on the basis of seniority which is Good because News senior reporter have many authentic sources as compare to new comers.

Plan of My internship program

Introduction of the branch

There is 10 Branches of Express News channel in Pakistan, I started my internship program in Express News Multan Office, it is located 147-A Jail Road District 160, Near M.A.D chowk and Opposite Pepsi Factory, Multan.

This branch is very important because it cover many cities included DG khan, Muzafargarh, Makhdoom Rasheed, Khanewal, Sahiwal and all nearby cities. The office have two portion one is for TV channel and other is for Newspaper production.

The Head or bureau chief of Express News TV in Multan is Mr. Shakeel anjum, he is also president of Press Club Multan. He is senior reporter working in express TV.

Internship Period

Many times I write email to express news and call them, but Finally I got response from express news channel, I request my university to give me reference letter, Thanks to the university and Mass communication department who send me letter almost instantly.

Next day I go to the express news office and submitted my reference letter, they send my request to head office Lahore and finally they approve my request that I can start my internship. From 1 Nov 2016 I started my internship program; I really learn practical experience and many thing in the internship program.

I did 8 weeks internship From 1 Nov 2016 to 5 Jan 2016.

Names of the departments in which i got training and the duration of my training

I did internship that cover many departments, I worked as a reporter and I cover many events, I love to work as a reporter. I also spend my time in Newspaper section, I spend my most time with sub editor, because he was the man who write the final script of package as well as he write the ticker for channel also.

The duration of Internship was 8 weeks.

The Department and Duration in which I work:
NLE Section: I worked in this section almost 1 week, Because Non-linear editing is very tough job, a reporter should know about NLE, because some time a reporter have to be work as a single, without any team so if reporter know the NLE he can easily make news package.

Promotion cell: Almost 1 week I live with promotion cell manager and learn many things how to promote news channel

IT department: IT department cover many difficult task, they encrypt all news source and website content, and so the information on news server should be secure from hackers. I spend almost 3 days here.

Reporting section: I spend my 4 week in reporting section, Reporters was very co-operative, I learn the reporting how a reporter make his source for news gathering, and how the news collecting procedure works.

HR department: Hr department provide help if some employees is facing difficulty, they hire new employers if needed.

Digital satellite news gathering vain: I go with this vain 3 times, The vain is just go for big events, Express news has other vehicle to cover small events, when some big events happen and channel want make it live in that time D S N G and technical staff use this vehicle.

Assignment editor: Assignment editor look for next upcoming importance events and assign a task to the reporter for example if 25 dec is coming assignment editor will assign reporter to make a news package for quid-e-azam life. I spend 3,4 days with assignment editor.

Other days I spent with contributors, distributors, press confreres, ticker management, event handler, Producer, Hr department etc.

Training Program

Activities performed by the Department

Every department in TV channel is important, when we listen 1 minute headline, it contain efforts of all department and team to collect news and make it live.

The Detail of activities performed by different department.

Television Channel Department

Voice over:

Voice over is done by editing department with the help of producer. Voice over is recorded voice which describe the scene. For example, if a building in north Nazimabad caught fire, the footage will provide the video and voice over anchor will tell the audience that, this is the building located in North Nazimabad which caught fire due to explosion of gas cylinder.

Voice over also called VO is basic component when we make News package. A reporter can record voice over on his own voice or the department can hire people for this task, in voice over the main component is voice, the voice over artist voice should be smooth and the word he is reading should be clearly understandable, if audience unable to understand the words performed by voice over artist than it makes the all news story useless. Many big channel hire voice over artist with beautiful voice so audience can feel comfortable with this. Before voice over record, voice over artist wear headphone so he can listen his own voice while recording. Voice over procedure need sound proof room, so there should be no background sound in voice over.

Beeper or video beeper

Telephonic connection between anchor person and reporter. Anchor person talk from news room and reporter should be on field. When some important incident happen, reporter cover that kind of incident, he collect the detail of that even and then he post these detail to sub-editor, When anchor read this news on live Programs, just written material is not enough, Channels viewers need more information about the incident. So anchor need to be talk with reporter to get more detail about that incident that is called beeper.

For example, if bomb blast is happen in Multan city, than anchor person ask this kind of question to reporter. When this happen? What cause bomb blast? Was it terrorist attack? How many injured in blast? How many dead in blast? Children and women are involved in people who are injured? If it was a visiting place than how many tourist injured?

2^nd type of beeper is called video beeper, in which reporter goes live with the help of satellite, TV channel viewers can watch reporter live and also can see that place where incident or event is happening.

Production, Reporting and NLE:

Reporting section contains Crime reporters, beats reporters, sports reporter, showbiz reporter etc They find and report different types of incident, events or other detail that can attract audience. They cover events with the help of camera man, A reporter can add SOT ( Sound on tape) to explain event, Voice over video to tell audience what’s going on and in the end reporter will give PTC (Peace to camera). After it the Non linear editor will filter and remove some scene because if we need 3 SOT than we will record 5 to 7 SOT so we can deliver quality material. Non linear editor will add people names which are giving SOT and in the end he will add PTC and News Packages are ready to go. After it, this package further go in Head office, they approve it and show it in news bulletin.

HR department:

Hr department provide help if some employees is facing difficulty, they hire new employers if needed. They also give salary to the workers.

News production:

It is done by responsibility; news production is critical task and need much care.
The people which involve in news production are,

Producer
Assistant producer
An editor
Script writer
A technical engineer

The equipment used in news production:

A Microphone
Video Tape
VDT (video tape recorder)
Computer system with adobe premium pro
An audio video consol

Newspaper Department

I also worked in newspaper department of Express Media group; it is different from Television channel. Express news paper published from 11 cities. It contains the 16 pages category as:

Front page/main page
City
National and international
Classified
Baqia
Sports
Sports
Back page
Metropolitan
International / showbiz
Crime and Courts
Editorial
Nuqta e nazar
Business
Magazine
Magazine

Short introduction of News pages and department:

Front Page

Front page consist important news, all big happening and incident come on this page. It does not contain complete story it just contain headlines with short briefing, If a reader want to read complete story he has to go inside the newspaper on baqia page.

A front page of express newspaper included newspaper name, date, total page quantity, Price, City name where it is published and Ayat of Quran-e-paak.

City

It contains local news of city and nearby cities where it is published, if it is published from Multan he will focus on local news of Multan, and it will also cover other city as well. In newspaper reader is more interesting to know about their own city as compare to other city.

For example if newspaper of Multan edition tells a story about Sea view road of Karachi will be close due to contraction, it will be useless for Multan people, and if newspaper of Multan edition tells a story about Boson road of Multan city will be close due to protest, It will be important for local people. So different edition of newspaper cover different stories.

National and international

It Cover all stories about national and international issues, it also tell news about other countries, and it also cover national issue of Pakistan regardless of city.

Classified

This page contains the advertisement of different companies and court notice only.

Baqia

This page contains the baqia of news stories, on front page if editor adjust complete story it will result many important stories will be missing on front page, so on front page story with short intro is written, and reader can read rest of story part on this page.

6-7. Sports

In newspaper sport always contain different segments, sports reporter is also different from other reporter who work only on sports news. Sports news cover international as well as national sports news.

Back page

Back page contain mix news from national to politics opinion.

Metropolitan

It contains news from local cities.

International / showbiz

Showbiz cover all stories from stage drama to film. It also covers news from international film industry like Hollywood/ Bollywood.

Crime and Courts

It tells about crime which happens in city and tell about the court decision about past crime.

Editorial

When we talk about News channel and newspaper, the news channel is much more powerful medium as compared to newspaper, but some people only read newspaper due to its Editorial section. Editorial section contain column of well known writers. I am also big fan of columns; I love to read javed ch (zero point) and Orya maqbool jaan (Harf_e_raaz) column.

Nuqta e nazar

It is same as editorial section in which writers write column for current affair, it explain the writer thinks about any situation.

Business

Business page contain news of business, it also focus on current situation of Pakistan economy and import export news. It covers international financial news.

Magazine

Magazine has different meaning, but in express newspaper magazine contain picture and tell benefits and side effect of different home material we are using. It sometime also contains beauty tips and home remedies for treatment.

How Staff works in Newspaper:

Express newspaper publish in morning only there is no edition of this newspaper who publish in afternoon or in evening, reporter collect all news and cover all events all day, the reporting in newspaper is also different because in news channel only main point is cover because in news channel there is no time for much more detail, but in newspaper complete detail is provided.

For example if someone give press conference, the news channel only show that person and tell what he said, but in newspaper they reporter have to be write every detail, where this happen? How many people were come on press conference? When they post picture in newspaper, they have to write every person name from left to right.

Newspaper reporter collects all news all day on 5 to 6pm they gather news in one place, from all cities reporter send news, on the basis of priorities the news are arranged, it goes many procedure before newspaper published.

Detailed description of the task(s) assigned to Me.

Headline Making and Rundown

I learn how to make hear catching headline, I make many headline, with the help of sub editor, Headline contain all important news, anchor in headlines only covers the title of news without any detail. The duration of headline from 60 second to 180 second, the sequence of headline is called Rundown. According to rundown producer most important story should come first. I also learn how to make suspense headline, a type of headline in which people need to wait for detail.

Sound on tape:

I collect Sound on tape of many events, Sound on tape also known as SOT is a short clip of people who want say something or it may the opinion of people about something.

For example when government of Pakistan increase the salary of parliamentarian by 1, 000, 00 Rs, I collect the Sound on tape of the people who was giving their opinion about issue.

Collecting Sound on tape was very difficult task for me, 60 percent people avoid talking on camera due to lack of confidence and other 40 percent makes a lot of mistakes, I recorded about 10 Sound on tape about this issue, but only 3 were good for viewers.

News Package:

News package is combine effort of Script writer, reporter, camera man and Non linear editor. Package is a news story, length between 60 sec to 2 minute. It contains Voice over, some Sound on tape and PTC (Piece to camera). Reporter write news story with the help of script writer. News story have many types, a package can contain history event, current event, investigative reporting, about helpless people, celebrity etc.

I learn how to make a good package, I practice a lot and recorded many PTC and voice over, however due to strict policy of express news a internee is not allowed to make package.

For making news package reporter find useful information about package, and after it, he will write the script, after it, reporter with the help of cameraman will collect the video footage and collect the Sound on tape of the people about event which we are covering in package, in the end reporter will record the piece to camera (PTC). After recording non linear editor will adjust all scene and PTC and Voice over artist will record voice over, NLE editor will adjust recorded voice over audio with video and package are ready.

When I saw reporter recording PTC I think it is easiest task, when I recorded my PTC it was difficult to control expression and talk in smooth behavior, PTC need a lot of practice.

I learn in this department how to get information about event, because in reporting there is no space of mistake, I also did many times voice over to the package. PTC or piece to camera in package is important because reporter have to speak in front of camera. I did the PTC of package covering anti-corruption day on 9 December 2016. The word of my PTC was

“Corruption Hamaray muashray ko deemak ki tarah kha rahi hai, corruption k khatmay k liye har shahri ko infradi tor par apne faraiz sar anjaam deni hunge, Camera Man iqbal shah k sath Majid Lodhi Express news Multan ”

And second PTC was about special Children.

“Mazoori insane ko mayoosi k andhero main dhakail deti hai, lekin in bacho dekh kr aisa lagta hai k agr kch krne ka azam hoto, mazoori majboori nahi banti, Cameraman jafri k sath, Majid Lodhi express news Multan”

Live Programs and as live programs

Live programs is not recorded, it shows the, in present news anchor reading news, they live transmission is quick and it is important for news channel, with the help of live transmission people can get news instantly. For example if Hajj is praying in Saudi Arabia, People in Pakistan can watch Live Hajj on television. For Live segments Professional or senior anchor or host is needed.

I learn how to live programs run, how they fix camera, and how producer give message through hand free to the host.

As live programs are different from live, as live programs are recorded program, they show that this is live but in reality it was recorded.

I notice that there is many disadvantage of Live programs, when we talk about news it is good but in entertainment programs it violate PEMRA standards, A live call can abuse host person, Many times it happens in Television channel.

Ticker management

In news channel ticker mean news in written form, it’s keeping going from left to right; it is a quick way to tell viewers news. Writing a ticker is a fun, I learn how to write ticker.

In this picture bottom line is ticker.

Ticker is very important because if reporter is covering events he will make report, before report he has to send important talk to the sub editor so ticker can be displayed.

News Room

News Room is different room from ordinary room, because it is sound proof so no other sound can interact while reading news, every news channel office contain News room, I visited the news room, it was very comfortable, the lighting in this room was just awesome, there was a big screen in front of anchor where anchor get instruction and read news, 2 to 3 camera adjusted on different angel. No one is allowed to enter the news room when recording program or when it is live.

I learn how anchor read the news, how they adjust timing of every news and how advertisement signal given to anchor.

Distribution

Express news channel has separate office of distribution, a distribution officer meet with cable channel operator in case of any difficulty. For example if express news is not running in some area than it is a task of distribution officer to call local cable operator and ask what’s happening.

The manager of Express Distribution of Multan office is Azwar hussain, many time I go with him and learn how to fix problem if people are facing channel difficulty in area.

Even the position of News channel is discuss, If channel is running on channel no 9 and then it moves to channel no 30, than distributor officer will call and ask the reason, I was amaze to know that cable operator demand gift to re-position the channel.

D S N G (digital to satellite)

It was new more me, I never visit this vehicle before, I got much information about this vain, It is vain, it is so powerful that it can make connection to the head office without using ordinary signal or 3G or 4G, instead he works with the help of satellite. It contain a dish antenna and other important equipment, D S N G system can be without any vehicle, so it is difficult to carry all material so every channel use this vain, it is all in one, it also contain number of LCD in vain, a professional technician needed to operate this vain. When we talk about D S N G vain it contains uplink and where it is sending the signal called downlink. When connection is made this vain can show live incident and record all happening with the help of camera.

Reflective Journal Entries

First Week

1^st day:

I meet with Majid Hussain, he is coordinator in express news channel, I introduce myself, he know me because he send my reference letter to head office and on confirmation he call me. He introduces me from all colleagues and I meet with other reporters.

2^nd day:

It was my 2^nd day, I Was in NLE room when NLE was editing and making a news story about World Diabetes Day.

3^rd day:

I go first time with a reporter to make a package on International Day for Tolerance. The package word was new for me. I learn how to take sound on tape for package.

4^th day:

It was a day when Liaqat baloch, sectary of jamat-e-islami was visiting Multan session court, I cover this event, I write his speech on paper and submit to sub-editor. He say government should do something for separate provision, he say to advocates that they should start event of separate province I will be with you.

5^th day:

Spend day with sub editor and learn how to write news. I did many mistakes but sub editor correct me.

6^th day:

Spend another day with sub editor and learn how to write tickers, Ticker is very important because if reporter is covering events he will urgent make report, before report he has to send important talk to the sub editor so ticker can be displayed.

and also make a package for Universal Children’s Day. We meet with children and take Sound on tape from them. I also learn how to collect information to make beautiful report.

7^th day: Holiday

Second Week

1^st day:

It was World Television Day, we write a story on newspaper about benefits of television and side effect of television on children. I learn effective writing about event day.

2^nd day:

This day I spent in press Club Multan, because Mukhtyara maiee was giving press conference, all media channel was covering this event.

3^rd day:

I spend this day with NLE department and see how non linear editor edit and make news stories, it was interesting for me, because I never use adobe premium pro before.

4^th day:

It was my 2^nd day in Non linear editor section, I learn how to use adobe premium pro to make news package.

5^th day:

Learn how to voice over on video effectively, on that day a voice over artist was also voice over a story about International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women.

6^th day:

D S N G van was going mian channuu for covering an event I go with this van, I spend all day with D S N G van, I learn many thing from D S N G technician about how its working and its function because it was new to me.

7^th day: Holiday

Third Week

1^st day:

I go on field work with reporter, he told me sources where they get the information, Hospitals, Police station and courts are main sources where they gather information.

2^nd day:

Palestinian people are our Muslim brother; we gather many facts from website and make a heart touching news story for them because it was International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. I learn how to write heart touching script about humanity.

3^rd day:

Traffic police give instruction to the student about traffic rules and safety information, they also give student banner of traffic sign, the district police officer of traffic police and sub inspector walk with student and give many advises to student, they also invite media team to walk with them, me with my express team join the event. I learn how to interact with government department as media.

4^th day:

There was building on katchehri chowk which caught fire, many rescue fire brigade come any try to stop rescue people, but all were safe, I with my team was there but they control fire, we take footage, and ask from official the reason of fire. I learn how to report in rush when people are running, I give detail about fire to my assignment editor on mobile; it was very difficult to keep calm in that situation.

5^th day:

It was World AIDS Day, we go on field collect some Sound on tape of people which are effecting from aids, we ask people about government hospital services, are you satisfied with government hospitals.

6^th day: Holiday

7^th day:

It was again big event on arts council Multan on the day of International Day of Persons with Disabilities, people from all cities participate in this event, more than 25 buses was come, This was a event of special children, we should show humanity for them, Many big personalities come and participate in this event included Regional police officer and other people, many special children perform on songs. The special children show that we are powerful, we make news story and collect sound on tape from guest as well as from children. On this day I learn this peace to camera (PTC),
“Mazoori insane ko mayoosi k andhero main dhakail deti hai, lekin in bacho dekh kr aisa lagta hai k agr kch krne ka azam hoto, mazoori majboori nahi banti, Cameraman jafri k sath, Majid Lodhi express news Multan”

Fourth Week

1^st day:

I did not go on field, instead I live in office, I spend the day in production room learn many techniques of production.

2^nd day:

I learn how to use video camera, how to fix camera on tripod, the video camera which express news channel use contain video tape, it is not digital, they use mini video tape for recording events. The printed Microphone with express news logo is called logo Microphone. Camera man use Microphone to record events.

3^rd day:

It was a day I spend with Faisal akram, he is sub editor in express news channel, I learn how to write news stories, I wrote many articles and he corrects my grammar and mistakes according to Urdu rule.

4^th day:

Same as yesterday, I learn how to write news, he give me a book so I can practice Urdu words. I write many script and take help from him, he is such a nice person, I will never forget.

5^th day:

We go for naat compition in shah rukan-e-aalam mazar, we listen naats, the duration of competition was much lengthy, we cover just 1 event on that day.

6^th day:

That was a longest day for me, I spend 2 to 3 hour extra on event, it was a big event, National accountability bureau held a event on International Anti-Corruption Day, the event was held in Arts of council Multan, many big NAB officer participate in this event, the event also contain the competition of drama. Many universities and colleges team participate in this event, many colleges team also comes from out of city like DG khan, ahmad pur east, Muzaffar garh, vehari, Khanewal and others areas. More than 12 teams participate in Drama compaction, the event was long it take 10 hour to complete, their performance was outstanding, all drama was based on lesson, they show the current situation of Pakistan that how bribe in every office effecting people.

7^th day: Holiday

Fifth Week

1^st day:

I go with Distributor officer, Dera Muhammdi is a area of Multan in which people was feeling difficulty because express entertainment was not running in that area, we met with cable operator, there was a error in dish antenna, so problem got fixed.

2^nd day:

D S N G vain was going for event and shahbaz sharif was coming to visit Multan Metro bus service but we and other media people wait 3,4 hours but tour cancel due to some reason. It will sound funny but on that day I learn waiting.

3^rd day:

On that day I learn how to give PTC, PTC is also known as Peace to camera; in the end of package reporter in front of camera have to end the package with some words. PTC needs a lot of practice.

4^th day:

It was special event in nishtar hospital Multan, there were opening new library for student, the also open new walk track for student and they open gym for student with new machines. Principle of Nishtar college Multan meet with student and hear the difficulties which student are facing in hostels. There was opening of gym, walk track and library so it takes much time, but I learn reporting and I also take SOT for story.

5^th day:

In every TV channel office it contain room which is sound proof, I visit that room, producer give me script so I can voice over a package, First 3 times I make mistakes but after it I read it in smooth voice. On this day I learn how to record effective voice over.

6^th day:

It was a special day because I spend this day with Mr. Shakeel anjum, I go with him, first we go for MDA meeting after this there was opening of journalist colony in Multan city. All media groups were there to participate in colony. I learn that are journalist care each other, it was team effort regardless media company, they work for journalist colony.

7^th day: Holiday

Sixth Week

1^st day:

I learn how to make Rundown for headline news, I also learn how to proof read news before submit.
and there was a event in bahauddin zakariya university multan main campus, there was distribution of laptop in the university, student of graduate get laptop on the basis of merit.

2^nd day:

No special event just spends time in Production room and learns news art. I also met with some column writers, and learn about column writing, from childhood I am interested in column writing so it was interesting for me.

3^rd day:

It was mehfil milad from express news team, many guest was coming, it was also launch program here, I meet with many other news reporter and learn many thing. We make many photos together, other team such as Geo news, samaa news, dunya news, waseb TV and ARY team also join us on the occasion.

4^th day:

We go to Hyderabad just to live event ofvasif ali zardar, because D S N G of Karachi city was dead due to some reason, so we move.

5^th day:

Assignment editor receive a message that Pakistan ulma council k Mummamad tahir mehmood asharfi want talk with media, me with camera man go for the event, he give long address about Kashmir people and India, First time I write every word of his talk own paper, and make news script, I write and collect all name who were guest in this event. On that day I cover event without any reporter.

6^th day:

It was 25 December, it was a day when quid-e-azam born we visit many school who arrange the event of Quid-e-Azam. We also make complete package on the life of Quid-e-Azam. It was also Christmas day.

7^th day: Holiday

Seventh Week

1^st day:

I spend my all day with express tribune team, express tribune is online newspaper in English, I learn how they gather news and they have professional writers who write English articles, it was nice day for me, I learn many thing about English department.

2^nd day:

I go again in express tribune this time I work with technical department, who post news and maintain website, I learn many thing about website and online editing, how they add video and photos in website with stories. It was 28 December as we know that on this day it was sell start and this event is called black Friday, on every big store it give discount on everything, we go in 3 market of Multan and take Sound on tape of people who was excited about black Friday, as we know that Friday is very important status in Islam so we should say it White black.

3^rd day:

it was a day when a lady died on the floor of Jinah hospital Lahore, express news channel take notice and anchor person imran Khan ask question from government official about hospital situation, we also visit Nishtar hospital Multan and make report on current situation, there is only 1100 bed, there is 2200+ patient who come daily in hospital, there is shortage of bed, we make package and send news story to head office Lahore.

4^th day:

The day I spend with newspaper department, I learn how they add news on newspaper and how they sort news on the basis of important and people interest.

5^th day:

Again I go in newspaper department that day I go with circulation manager, I learn how to effectively do circulation of newspaper, he met with many newspaper seller. He also gives award to newspaper seller on the basis of their performance.

6^th day:

No event that day just spend day with sub-editor, send many tickers to news channel.

7^th day: Holiday

Eighth Week

1^st day:

It was special event on Aziz mian qawal, he died on December 6, 2000 in Tehran a city of iran, but his graveyard is in Multan, so in every 6 december his son come on graveyard and pray prayers, many people gathers on graveyard. We make a complete story type package on the life of aziz mian.

A line from aziz mian.

“Husn ki shan main ho jaye na gustakhi kahin
Tum chale jao tumhen dekh kr payar aata hai”

I learn how to know information about celebrity.

2^nd day:

There was protest on Chowk kumharanwale, against javaid hashmi because he was spoke against new separate province name saraikstan. Protester was very angry and they say “ Ye bas apni siasat chamkane k liye ye kam kar rhen hain”
I learn how to cover reporting about protest.

3^rd day:

I spend that day with assignment editor, he assign duty to the reporter according to schedule, he work with coordinator to collect all video tapes which recently use, after package making these video tapes were given number with the help of pencil and they store it for future need. On that day I learn why they do not use digital camera, the main disadvantage of digital camera is we have to delete old event before recording new event, and when we store these video to computer due to some fault in hard disk, all data can be erased, so they use cassette recorder, cassette recorder is costly as compared to digital system because cassette recorder needed a new video tape after every news event, so they prefer video cassette over digital recording. On that day I learn how a news company stores their references for future.

4^th day:

I spend all day with script editor, he did not write any fresh script he just check the script of news story and correct mistakes, for example if reporter want make a package, they will collect information and write the news, script editor check the news script and make correctness. On that day I learn script writing.

5^th day:

I learn how to give live beeper and video beeper, video Beeper need digital satellite news gathering van to communicate video. Video beeper, in which reporter goes live with the help of satellite, TV channel viewers can watch reporter live and also can see that place where incident or event is happening.

6^th day:

The district government announce 10,000,00,00 for Multan city with project name “Rang de Multan” in this project all building well be repair and give new color to old building, on that day me with express news reporter visit building ask people opinion about that project. We make a 2 minute story on rang de Multan.
7^th day: Holiday

Work Samples

I tried to write many script, write a package script also, here is just sample

In left I write the script, and in right sub-editor make some improvement.

And below is news event of Liaqat baloch which I written quicky, when he was speaking

I also point out important line for making news.

Critical Analysis

Theoretical concepts with your practical experience

When I started my internship program, I was so excited because i read journalism 4 year, I was thinking that I am professional in journalism, when first day I go it was introduction day, and on 2^nd day I was interested in work, and this day was tough for me and I will say that in entire process I feel very difficult because theoretical concepts is much different when we talk about practical experience.

Here is a famous quote “a picture is worth a thousand words”

Because words cannot tell too much about something. Real practical is much different. I started my internship with much confidence but I feel a lot of difficulties, the first difficulty of my internship was my Urdu, all our mass communication course is in English and approximately all our newspaper and news channel are in Urdu, so in news writing we need much power on Urdu, we should expert in Urdu to write column in newspaper.

And another major difference in terms, some time in our course terms is different as compared to local people which are working in office For example the word t20 I never read in our course, I just listen this word on 20 over matches, but in our news office making t20 is same as package making, but difference is t20 is smaller inn duration, so if my boss say me make a t20 on this event I will confused because I will not learn this word from my books.

4 year reading journalism helps a lot when we make package or take interviews we learn a lot of from it, theoretical concepts give me a lot of help while I cover events, write news and I take Sound on tap.

One day I was sitting with Assignment editor and he receive a message that Pakistan ulma council k Mummamad tahir mehmood asharfi want talk with media, me with cameraman go for the event, he give long address about Kashmir people, america and India, First time I write every word of his talk own paper, and make news script, I write and collect all name who were guest in this event. On that day I cover event without any reporter, on that day I also ask many question and Mummamad tahir mehmood ashari give me answer, I did not feel lack of confidence, because I learn from my books, how to ask question? Question type and is your question will harm people or not, and most important is that Mummamad tahir mehmood asharfi also feel comfortable while talking to me.

And there was another incident when a lady died on the floor of Jinah hospital Lahore, express news channel take notice on this sad incident and anchor person imran Khan ask question from government official about hospital situation on his program takrar, we also visit Nishtar hospital Multan and make report on current situation, there is only 1100 bed, there is 2200+ patient who come daily in hospital, there is shortage of bed, we make package and send news story to head office Lahore, I collect how much bed is available in hospital and how many patient is coming per day in Nishtar hospital Multan with the help of my course, I learn in course that how we can get record from any public document from official I got this statics from Nishtar hospital Multan office.

On day on anti-corruption day, I spend 2 to 3 hour extra on event, because it was a big event, National accountability bureau held a event on International Anti-Corruption Day, the event was held in Arts of council Multan, many big NAB officer participate in this event as well as other officer and guest from other organization also particpate, the event also contain the competition of drama. Many universities and colleges team participate in this event, many colleges team also comes from out of city like DG khan, Ahmad pur east, Muzaffar garh, vehari, Khanewal and others areas. More than 12 teams and more than 125 role model participate in Drama compaction, they show their confidence of modeling in the front of large audience, the event was long it take 10 hour to complete, their performance was outstanding, all drama was based on lesson, they show the current situation of Pakistan that how bribe in every office effecting people. They show real face which is happening in police offices, Nadra and accounts office, on this event I make report with the help of Non linear editing department, while making report i was already familiar with how to edit video and which part of video should be keep and which part of video should remove, which scène can capture audience interest.

Journalism need interest because journalism is art, while covering a event in arts council Multan on the day of International Day of Persons with Disabilities, people from all cities participate in this event as well as all media team was converging this event , more than 25 buses was come and more than 3000 special were come, This was a event of special children, we should show humanity for them, when we talk about journalism this event was very critical, Many big personalities come and participate in this event included Regional police officer and other people, many special children perform on songs, national anthem is also played. The special children show that we are powerful, we make news story and collect sound on tape from guest as well as from children. When reporter ask question from special children, he have to be care about ethics because he should not ask any question which hurt student. These all techniques and ethical matter a reporter learn from journalism course.

When I voice over on many packages I gone in newsroom, News Room is different room from ordinary room, because it is sound proof so no other sound can interact while reading news, every news channel office contain News room separately, I visited the news room, it was very comfortable, the lighting in this room was just awesome, there was a big screen in front of anchor where anchor get instruction and read news, 2 to 3 camera adjusted on different angel. No one is allowed to enter the news room when recording program or when it is live. I recorded may voice over sample here, the news room was not new for me but I read all about news room in my book, so when I listen the term news room, all definition was come in my mind.

Practical work is important so I did my internship, there was only one problem while doing internship program, one was local terms and other was Urdu, otherwise I feel my course very useful, I never hesitate with work.

Execute an overall analysis of the organization

On the day I start my internship and on the end of the day, I feel very comfortable with express news media group, I never feel any difficulty, the people and worker which was working in express news channel was very co-operative. Express news channel have clear aim to tell people truth, this group does not hide news due to personal interest, Express news channel give internship to some student, when I worked in express news channel only me and two other students were doing internship which was studying in B Z University. They offer internship to some student because they do not want rush in office, in rush student cannot learn anything and their work also can be disturb.

The departments are quick and news structure of express news media group is very nice. The big thing is news reporter in this news channel can work without much restriction from their boss, on the other hand many other news channel have reporter who do not feel free, and they have to ask everything from boss before posting news. I wish I can find opportunity to work in such a great media group. Express Media Group has many Policies about news gathering, one is that they double check the news before posting any news stories even when express official reporter report incident after that bureau chief or news editor have to be check the news before publishing it. Express news has policy for advertising that they never show advertisement which is based on scam. Express news never hire reporter which are undergraduate, they have professional reporters, Reporter have to complete his degree of communication before apply for job. Express Media Group pay salary to their employers on time, they never delay salary, they provide 15-30 days holidays for married and also pay some loan if some employee need it.

There is a lot of employee working express news channel which comes from other media channel, and there are only few who left, because express media group is big channel and they have very friendly relation with their employees. I work also in Human resource office, I see there is a lot of reporter from other news channel want join express news channel it is big thing for express news channel.

SWOT Analysis

Strengths: If we talk about strength of express media group in which I did my internship, it has many strength as compared to other media channel, it cover all types of people from internet to ordinary reader and from English to Urdu. Express News media group has express news tribune which is based on internet also known as E-newspaper, it cover many international audience as well. There is thousand of English news article available on express news tribune.

And when we talk about people who cannot understand English and not even live in Pakistan, than they can read express news paper in Urdu on their website.

And people who do not want read they can watch express news TV channel. There is no media which can cover such a huge audience. Express Media Group also have their Entertainment channel, it name is “Hero TV” on 5 June 2012. Hero TV is a Informative channel slogan as “Dikha de sab kuch”. Although it is not news channel but they belongs to same group, that’s why express media group have strength when we talk about financial status, Many newspaper In past was shut down due to their financial problem but when we talk about such a power media group it can increase their circulation as well as channels.

Express Media group is subsidiary of Lakson group which cover many other industrial area also. And when we Talk about express newspaper which has third largest circulation, It claims that it is covering 24% circulation share. This is big circulation because in Pakistan there is more than 50 Newspaper is available, some newspaper based on city only but express news cover big market share.

Weaknesses: There is many strength of express news channel but there is much weakness also, Express News channel has many reporters in different city, express news reporter in main offices work for Newspaper or news channel only but in different city many reporter have to cover event for newspaper as well as for TV channel, if need they have to send news to express news tribune too, this put pressure on reporter, this type of burden should be avoided, express media group should hire people more people for TV channel or newspaper.

2^nd thing is express media channel have similar news broadcasting style as Geo news, Dunya news and other news channel holding, for capturing market people want something new.
For example BOL TV come with completely new style, they different style ticker and different layout also.

Then maintenance staff of express news group is very week, first they have old type of equipment and maintainer quality is not good, We record a event on camera in the end when we want see recorded video there was distortion in sound due to old Video camera and due to dust in camera, so we have to delete all recorded event. Some time Digitel satellite news gathering vehicle make a problem, a week ago we go to Hyderabad to cover live event, because there was no D S N G in Hyderabad, Karachi has 2 Digital satellite news gathering vehicle but both was not working.
Express news channel has old equipment, all other news channel is upgrading their vehicles, Microphone, cameras and D S N G , but express media group still have wire Microphone, they have to upgrade these accessories, They should provide wireless Microphone.

Opportunities: Express news media group belongs to Lakson group, this group contains much product from soap to toothpaste which is so popular in Pakistan, and express news channel has opportunities because if they choose advertisement, they will choose express news for advertising. Advertisement increases the profit margin of news channel.

2^nd opportunities which express news channel contain is New York times magazine share many content with express news tribune, and express news tribune can re-write new York times content.

3^rd opportunity is that Express news Group is a big media group; they subscribe many news agencies to get international news, when news comes they use this news for newspaper, express news tribune as well as for express TV channel also.

Threats: Express news media group is large media group, when we talk about News. Express newspaper is much popular news paper covering 24 percent of total circulation share, but now newspaper is losing its popularity, and people watch TV channel for news source, when we talk about news channel, express news channel is not such powerful as Geo news, They have to launch popular news programs to capture audience as they launch before a program “Koi dekhe na dekhe shabir tu dekhe ga” But other News channel also launch similar kind of news programs and this program loss its popularity.

Express news group belongs to Lakson group, which are manufacturing company of product such as Soap, creams and toothpaste etc, when other such companies want to give advertisement, there is a threat that they choose other medium for advertising because they never want make profit for their competitor Lakson group.

Now a day BOL TV is launched, it will be threat for all other channel, because they invest too much for channel, they hire qualified staff from other news channel, It is hard for express news to maintain its rating, there is also more and more news channel is coming like 7 news, 24 news, 92 news, they can effect rating of Express news channel, Newspaper time is now going, as express make a name in newspaper industry they should try to build name in TV channel market. Express media group is also a channel like Hero TV and Express entertainment, many people even does not know these channels name, they only watch dramas of Ham TV, ARY digital and Geo. This media have to work hard to make dramas and make channel name big.

Conclusion

There is no special conclusion on the basis of strength, weakness, threat and opportunity, if company is making profit from on channel, they should not collect all profit in pocket, they have to share profit with organization to make bigger organization. There is a lot of employees working express news channel which came’s from other media channel, like abbtakk news, waseeb tv channel, Samaa News and Dunya news channel, and there are only few who left, because express media group is big channel and they have very friendly relation with their employees.

There is problem because who come in express news from other media group cannot adjust him with old equipment. I work also in Human resource office, I see there is a lot of reporter from other news channel want join express news channel it is big thing for express news channel. But a lot of improvement is needed which I all add in recommendation section. They have to upgrade equipment and other staff to maintain the quality of news channel that if other people from other media group come did not feel uncomfortable.

Express news should also share some benefits to their staff, salary is not enough, if company did a good business he has to motivate staff to work more.

A famous quote by Jacob K. Javits
“One of the proven ways of getting workers more involved with their jobs is by dovetailing employee profit-sharing and stock ownership plans with greater responsibility sharing… Trade unions in this country should… consider these arrangements much more carefully than they have up to now… Expanded employee profit participation and stock ownership would provide workers with a greater measure of economic and social independence, thus stimulating increased productivity”

In the end my conclusion on express media group is as express media group is large group covering all types of audience, Due to more and more competition is becoming express media have to change their policies, many big organization look up their policies if more competitor is coming. In the end I will just say that a policy can make organization big and wrong policies can destroy even old organization.

Recommendation

Every group have some strength and weak news, but overall express news channel is powerful source of news, but Express media group have to think that only profit making is not important if one group is earning profit from TV channel, Newspaper, Express tribune, they have to be invest, they to upgrade their accessories.

Now a times when other news channel is coming 7 news is hiring people and 7 news is providing selfie phones for reporting, 24 Channel is also is on their way and contain digital accessories as compared to express news channel. If express news media group not take action, it will off course loss its popularity. Even 92 News HD Channel have good equipment as compare to express news. This is a time because BOL TV also launched and BOL TV not even providing advertisement, they are providing advertisement free news to gain name and position in market, if express news not take any action and if express news not remove weakness in that way other new channel will get good rating as compared to express news. In the end I will say that Express Media Group should hire new reporter for their TV channel and newspaper, they should provide new equipment,
They have to re-make their maintenance policy, they have to provide more D S N G Vain in big cities, because on same time if big event happen they cannot cover both event, D S N G need time to travel. They should hire new staff for express news tribune which are good in English. They have to change their news headline, breaking news and ticker style. They should make new quality dramas for express entertainment and should make documentary for their informative channel “Hero”. TV channel is much different as compare to newspaper so they should hire people on the basis for newspaper and TV channel, they should not merge them.